The nephron is the functional unit of the kidney and plays a crucial role in filtering blood, maintaining fluid balance, and regulating electrolytes. Understanding the structure and function of each part of the nephron is essential for comprehending how kidneys maintain homeostasis.

Bagian Tubulus Kontortus Proksimal

The proximal convoluted tubule (PCT) is the first segment of the nephron that reabsorbs essential nutrients, electrolytes, and water from the filtrate. This process helps retain vital substances in the body while excreting waste products. Approximately 65% of sodium, water, and potassium reabsorption occurs in the PCT.

Glomerulus dan Kapsul Bowman

The glomerulus, a network of capillaries, filters blood into the Bowman’s capsule, a cup-like sac at the beginning of the nephron. This filtration process is critical for removing waste products from the blood while allowing necessary substances to pass through.

Bagian Tubulus Kontortus Distal dan Sistem Pengumpul

The distal convoluted tubule (DCT) and the collecting duct system further refine the filtrate by reabsorbing additional sodium, calcium, and water. The DCT plays a key role in regulating blood pressure and pH levels, while the collecting ducts concentrate urine and manage the final adjustments to electrolyte and water balance.

In summary, each component of the nephron has a specific role in the complex process of urine formation and blood filtration. Understanding these functions helps in grasping how the kidneys maintain overall health and homeostasis.